Global Healthcare Comparison Matrix and Narrative Statement
Policy Assignment
Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is a major non-communicable disease (NCD) and the leading cause of fatalities in the world as a whole. According to WHO, such health issues need comprehensive policies and preventive measures. The paper analyses CVD prevention and management policies in the United States and Japan, focusing on their strengths, weaknesses, and various impacts. Thus, by embracing each country’s approach and understanding what the social determinant role is, one can work out a strategy for social change from a global perspective. In that respect, a strategy may involve increased access to healthcare preventive practices, with nursing’s role being augmented locally and internationally for curbing CVD.
Global health comparison matrix
| Global Healthcare Issue |
Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs): Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) |
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| Description | Cardiovascular disease is a disorder of the heart and circulatory system. It comprises coronary heart disease, high blood pressure, and stroke. It was the major cause of death worldwide, with an estimated 17.9 million deaths annually, as per WHO estimations (WHO, 2021). Main risk factors include unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, tobacco, and excessive intake of alcohol. The state of CVD calls for health policies of preventive health care, increased access to quality care, and public health education. | |
| Country | United States
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Japan |
| Describe the policy in each country related to the identified healthcare issue. |
In the U.S., the Affordable Care Act (ACA) promotes preventive care for CVD through screenings and lifestyle interventions. CDC and American Heart Association programs also target risk reduction like smoking cessation and diet improvement (Jiang et al., 2023) |
Japan’s National Health Insurance (NHI) represents universal health coverage, and CVD prevention is especially focused on annual checkups for over 40-year-old individuals and government campaigns for diet, physical activity, and regular screenings (Kuwabara et al., 2021) |
| What are the strengths of this policy? |
The U.S. policy promotes patient-centered care through awareness campaigns on CVD and preventive screening subsidies. The ACA mandates the coverage of preventive services; thus, it increases accessibility to the service for the insured.
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Japan’s universal health coverage promotes equity, with mandatory screenings for early CVD detection, reducing long-term costs and improving outcomes. |
| What are the weaknesses of this policy? |
Despite ACA provisions, gaps persist, especially for uninsured individuals. High healthcare costs and limited preventive focus in some areas restrict policy effectiveness. |
With a concern for those above 40 years already, Japan may overlook the rising risks of CVD in younger groups. Rural areas may have infrastructure problems that will limit access to CVD care. |
| Explain how the social determinants of health may impact the specified global health issue. (Be specific and provide examples)
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Socioeconomic status, education level, and access to health services are some of the strongest predictors of CVD risk in the United States (Verma et al., 2022). Lower-income populations tend to have higher obesity and smoking rates because they often have limited access to healthy food and/or lack opportunities for recreation. |
Japan’s aged population, high-sodium diet, and inequality in health care between urban and rural areas all have grave implications for the rates of CVD. Lifestyles in urban areas add to the CVD risks despite universal access (Nakajima et al., 2020). |
| How has each country’s government addressed cost, quality, and access to the selected global health issue? |
U.S. programs like Medicare and Medicaid address CVD costs; quality initiatives promote evidence-based CVD management, but access remains inconsistent.
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Japan’s NHI ensures affordable, quality care with a preventive care focus that controls long-term costs, though aging populations increase resource demands (Nakajima et al., 2020). |
| How has the identified health policy impacted the health of the global population? (Be specific and provide examples) |
U.S. CVD policies have led to innovations in treatments, public health campaigns, and research benefiting global CVD approaches, like developing statins and minimally invasive surgical techniques (Gotanda et al., 2021).
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Japan’s success with CVD prevention has inspired global models for universal health coverage and preventive care strategies. Mandatory checkups for older adults help in early diagnosis and management of CVD, which other countries are studying for implementation (Matsuyama et al., 2021). |
| Describe the potential impact of the identified health policy on the role of nurses in each country. |
U.S. nurses play key roles in CVD education, prevention, and monitoring. Policies encourage APRNs to bridge care gaps, especially in underserved areas (Verma et al., 2022).
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Japanese nurses contribute to preventive care and education during health checkups, tracking indicators, and advising on lifestyle changes within Japan’s preventive framework. |
| Explain how global health issues impact local healthcare organizations and policies in both countries. (Be specific and provide examples) NURS 6050 Week11 Assignment – Global Healthcare Comparison Matrix and Narrative Statement |
In the U.S., growing rates of CVD demand action by local health organizations to ramp up preventive programs and screenings (Gotanda et al., 2021). Often, local hospitals work in partnership with public health initiatives to provide community outreach in diet, exercise, and screenings Global Healthcare Comparison Matrix and Narrative Statement.
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The goals of local healthcare organizations relate closely to the domain of preventative care and are based on NHI policies. Many of these organizations are habitual endorsers of various campaigns related to health and community-based screenings for the early detection and management of CVD (Kuwabara et al., 2021). |
| General Notes/Comments |
The USA depends on the provisions of the ACA to facilitate CVD prevention through increased access to screenings and patient-centered care. However, these provisions have their limitations in terms of coverage gaps for the uninsured population and high costs that diminish their effectiveness. Further, equal access to care will be better achieved through expansion and facilitated community programs.
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The Japanese NHI system covers CVD care universally. At the same time, the obligatory checkups contribute significantly to early detection and prevention. However, this may be insufficient for residents in younger age groups or living in rural areas. Expanding the coverage to include all ages and improving access in rural areas may further enhance the prevention efforts. |
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Plan for Social Change as a Nurse Leader
To incorporate a global perspective in my nursing practice, I would advocate for policies that prioritize preventive care and equitable healthcare access, inspired by successful CVD strategies from countries like Japan. From the evidence presented by global health models such as Japan through its compulsory health screenings and prevention-based approach, I am able to engage stakeholders to support more proactive CVD screening programs in my community. I would further facilitate the screening events and lifestyle education by cooperating with local health organizations and allowing such initiatives to be as accessible as possible to populations that are difficult to reach, similar to how Japan deals with this.
A global perspective integrated into my role emphasizes culturally sensitive and preventive care. For example, considering social determinants of health from a global perspective, such as dietary patterns or socioeconomic challenges influencing CVD, I am permitted to devise interventions that will better appeal to diverse patients. The importance of an overall awareness of global health strategies in patient education should be endorsed, with encouragement of lifestyle modification based both on local and international best practices in preventive care.
This global lens contributes to societal transformation by changing the social landscape of local health outcomes through preventive, accessible, and culturally responsive care. I advocate advancing policies that put the interest of prevention over treatment and reflect successful practices around the world; hence, I contribute to a healthcare culture that values early intervention over-reactive treatment. For instance, checkups on community health and raising awareness about heart health will meet the international goals of CVD and local needs for contributing to a healthier and more aware community and establishing a model for evidence-based, globally informed nursing practice.
Conclusion
In conclusion, addressing Cardiovascular Disease requires consideration of worldwide best practices, making necessary applications from various global health systems. A comparison of CVD policies of both the United States and Japan reveals a set of peculiar strengths and challenges that may be used to strike a balance in preventing and caring for CVD. Incorporating an international frame of reference into this local practice will provoke preventive measures, equity in access, and cultural sensitivity- all essential ingredients in managing CVD. By promoting policies emphasizing prevention and early intervention, nurse leaders can enact social change, improve community health outcomes, and develop resilient healthcare systems better positioned to handle CVD nationally and globally NURS 6050 Week11 Assignment – Global Healthcare Comparison Matrix and Narrative Statement .
References
Gotanda, H., Kominski, G. F., Elashoff, D., & Tsugawa, Y. (2021). Association between the ACA Medicaid expansions and changes in cardiovascular risk factors among low-income individuals. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 1-9.
Jiang, G. Y., Urwin, J. W., & Wasfy, J. H. (2023). Medicaid expansion under the Affordable Care Act and association with cardiac care: A systematic review. Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes, 16(6), e009753.
Kuwabara, M., Mori, M., & Komoto, S. (2021). Japanese national plan for promotion of measures against cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease. Circulation, 143(20), 1929-1931.
Matsuyama, S., Sawada, N., Tomita, Y., Zhang, S., Goto, A., Yamaji, T., … & Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study Group. (2021). Association between adherence to the Japanese diet and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: The Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study. European journal of nutrition, 60, 1327-1336.
Nakajima, A., Sakai, R., Inoue, E., & Harigai, M. (2020). Prevalence of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and age‐stratified trends in clinical characteristics and treatment, based on the National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups of Japan. International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases, 23(12), 1676-1684.
Verma, H., Javed, Z., Hong, J. C., Mahajan, S., Mszar, R., Grandhi, G. R., … & Nasir, K. (2022). The impact of the Affordable Care Act on disparities in utilization of cardiovascular Preventive services by socioeconomic status. Population health management, 25(5), 669-676.
WHO, (2021). Cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cardiovascular-diseases-(cvds)
Global Healthcare Comparison Matrix and Narrative Statement
Note: This Assignment (both Parts 1 & 2) is due on Day 5 of Week 11.
If you talk about a possible poor health outcome, do you believe that outcome will occur? Do you believe eye contact and personal contact should be avoided?
You would have a difficult time practicing as a nurse if you believed these to be true. But they are very real beliefs in some cultures.
Differences in cultural beliefs, subcultures, religion, ethnic customs, dietary customs, language, and a host of other factors contribute to the complex environment that surrounds global healthcare issues. Failure to understand and account for these differences can create a gulf between practitioners and the public they serve.
In this Assignment, you will examine a global health issue and consider the approach to this issue by the United States and by one other country.
Resources
Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.
To Prepare:
- Review the World Health Organization’s (WHO) global health agenda and select one global health issue to focus on for this Assignment.
- Select at least one additional country to compare to the U.S. for this Assignment.
- Reflect on how the global health issue you selected is approached in the U.S. and in the additional country you selected.
- Review and download the Global Health Comparison Matrix provided in the Resources.
The Assignment: (1- to 2-page Global Health Comparison Matrix; 1-page Plan for Social Change)
Part 1: Global Health Comparison Matrix
Focusing on the country you selected and the U.S., complete the Global Health Comparison Matrix. Be sure to address the following:
- Consider the U.S. national/federal health policies that have been adapted for the global health issue you selected from the WHO global health agenda. Compare these policies to the additional country you selected for study.
- Explain the strengths and weaknesses of each policy.
- Explain how the social determinants of health may impact the global health issue you selected. Be specific and provide examples.
- Using the WHO’s Organization’s global health agenda as well as the results of your own research, analyze how each country’s government addresses cost, quality, and access to the global health issue selected.
- Explain how the health policy you selected might impact the health of the global population. Be specific and provide examples.
- Explain how the health policy you selected might impact the role of the nurse in each country.
- Explain how global health issues impact local healthcare organizations and policies in both countries. Be specific and provide examples.
Part 2: A Plan for Social Change
Reflect on the global health policy comparison and analysis you conducted in Part 1 of the Assignment and the impact that global health issues may have on the world, the U.S., your community, as well as your practice as a nurse leader.
In a 1-page response, create a plan for social change that incorporates a global perspective or lens into your local practice and role as a nurse leader.
- Explain how you would advocate for the incorporation of a global perspective or lens into your local practice and role as a nurse leader.
- Explain how the incorporation of a global perspective or lens might impact your local practice and role as a nurse leader.
- Explain how the incorporation of a global perspective or lens into your local practice as a nurse leader represents and contributes to social change. Be specific and provide examples.
Assignment document should include:
- Title page
- Introductory paragraph
- Global health comparison matrix
- Plan for social change
- Conclusion
- References
By Day 5 of Week 11
Submit both Part 1 and Part 2 of your Assignment.
submission information
Before submitting your final assignment, you can check your draft for authenticity. To check your draft, access the Turnitin Drafts from the Start Here area.
- To submit your completed assignment, save your Assignment as WK11Assgn+LastName+Firstinitial
- Then, click on Start Assignment near the top of the page.
- Next, click on Upload File and select Submit Assignment for review.
Rubric
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Global Healthcare Issues and PoliciesPart 1: Global Health Comparison MatrixFocusing on the country you selected and the U.S., complete the Global Health Comparison Matrix. Be sure to address the following:• Consider the U.S. national/federal health policies that have been adapted for the global health issue you selected from the WHO global health agenda. Compare these policies to the additional country you selected for study.
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The Nurse’s Role in Global HealthcarePart 2: A Plan for Social ChangeReflect on the global health policy comparison and analysis you conducted in Part 1 of the Assignment. In a 1-page response, create a plan for social change that incorporates a global perspective or lens into your local practice and role as a nurse leader.• Explain how you would advocate for the incorporation of a global perspective or lens into your local practice and role as a nurse leader.• Explain how the incorporation of a global perspective or lens might impact your local practice and role as a nurse leader.• Explain how the incorporation of a global perspective or lens into your local practice as a nurse leader represents and contributes to social change. Be specific and provide examples NURS 6050 Week11 Assignment – Global Healthcare Comparison Matrix and Narrative Statement
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Written Expression and Formatting – Paragraph Development and Organization: Paragraphs make clear points that support well developed ideas, low logically, and demonstrate continuity of ideas.Sentences are carefully focused– neither long and rambling nor short and lacking substance. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement and introduction is provided which delineates all required criteria.
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Written Expression and Formatting – English Writing Standards: Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation
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Written Expression and Formatting:The paper follows correct APA format for title page, font, spacing, parenthetical/in-text citations, and reference list).
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